Tripeptide-1 (GHK) is a naturally occurring copper-binding peptide found in human plasma, saliva, and urine. It signals fibroblasts to produce collagen and elastin, promotes wound healing, and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Often used as Copper Tripeptide-1 for enhanced delivery.
Key Skin Benefits
+ Stimulates collagen and elastin synthesis
+ Promotes wound healing and tissue repair
+ Anti-inflammatory properties
+ Antioxidant activity (scavenges free radicals)
+ Improves skin firmness and elasticity
Pros
+ Naturally occurring in human body
+ Well-researched peptide (40+ years of studies)
+ Multiple mechanisms of action
+ Synergistic effects when complexed with copper
+ Generally well-tolerated
Cons
− Water-soluble — penetration may be limited without enhancers
− Less effective without copper (Copper Tripeptide-1 is preferred)
− High cost for cosmetic-grade material
− Results take weeks to months (not immediate)
Specifications
Property
Value
Usage Areas
Face, Eye, Body
Product Type
Leave-On
Source
Synthetic
Natural Level
Synthetic (nature-identical)
Safety Ratings
Metric
Rating
Skin Sensitivity
0/5 (none)
Comedogenic Rating
0/5
EWG Score
1/10
Regional Regulatory Limits
Region
Leave-on %
Rinse-off %
Status
EU (CosIng)
No limit
No limit
Allowed
US (CIR/FDA)
No limit
No limit
Allowed
Japan (MHLW)
No limit
No limit
Allowed
ASEAN
No limit
No limit
Allowed
China (NMPA)
No limit
No limit
Allowed
Typical Usage % by Product Type
Product Type
Typical %
Anti-aging serum
0.01 - 0.1% (as Copper Tripeptide-1)
Eye cream
0.005 - 0.05%
Wound healing cream
0.01 - 0.1%
References
Pickart L & Margolina A (2018) — GHK-Cu peptide review. PMID: 30029519
Pickart L et al. (2015) — GHK peptide and skin. PMID: 26294233